ESTHER

Summary

The book of Esther never mentions God’s name, yet God clearly orchestrated all of its events. Esther, a Jew living among the exiles in Persia, became queen of the empire in about 480 BCE Haman, a Persian official, sought to eradicate the Jewish minority, but God had prepared Esther “for such a time as this” (4:14) to save his covenant people. The book was written some decades later to document the origins of the Jewish observance of Purim, which celebrates Israel’s survival and God’s faithfulness. The author is unknown, but some believe it could have been Esther’s cousin Mordecai, who is a key person in the book. Throughout the book we see God’s sovereign hand preserving his people, showing that everything is under his control.

Context

  • The events described in Esther take place during the Persian Empire, around the late 5th to early 4th centuries BCE.

    Original Languages

    Hebrew

    Undetermined (possibly: Mordecai)

    • Helped save the Jewish people from genocide.
    • Guardian of Queen Esther.
    • An official in the city of Susa in Persia.
    • Sat at the king's gate and monitored those who entered and exited.
    • Once prevented an assassination plot against the Persian king.
    • Helped Esther uncover the plot to destroy the Jews in Persia.
    • Was honored and appointed prime minister by the king.

    Genre

    Literature Style

    Narrative

    And who knows whether you have not come to the kingdom for such a time as this?

    - Esther 4:14

    Keyword

    1. Survival
    2. Faithfulness

    ESTHER

    Structure

    1. Esther becomes queen (1:1 – 2:23)
    2. The plots of Haman (3:1 – 5:14)
    3. Haman is executed (6:1 – 7:10)
    4. The Jews defeat their enemies (8:1 – 10:3)